IL-18 Related Diseases and Research Areas

Interleukin-18 (IL-18):  

Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is an 18 kDa cytokine which is identified as a co stimulatory factor for production of interferon-g (IFN-g) in response to toxic shock. It shares functional similarities with IL-12. IL-18 is synthesized as a precursor 24 kDa molecule without a signal peptide and must be cleaved to produce an active molecule. IL-1b converting enzyme (ICE, caspase-1) cleaves pro-IL-18 at aspartic acid in the P1 position, producing the mature, bioactive peptide that is readily released from the cells. It has been reported that IL-18 is produced from dendritic cells, activated macrophages, Kupffer cells, keratinocytes, intestinal epithelial cells, osteoblasts, adrenal cortex cells and murine diencephalons.

IFN-g is produced by activated T and NK cells and plays critical roles in the defense against microbial pathogens. IFN-g activates macrophages, enhances NK activity and B cell maturation, proliferation and Ig secretion, induces MHC class I and II antigens expression, and inhibits osteoclast activation.

IL-18 acts on T helper 1-type (Th1) cells, and in combination with IL-12 strongly induces production of IFN-g by these cells. Pleiotropic effects of IL-18 have also been reported, including enhancement production of IFN-g and GM-CSF in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, production of Th1 cytokines, IL-2, GM-CSF and IFN-g in T cells, enhancement of Fas ligand expression by Th1 cells, anti-tumor effects, resistance to infection and a relationship with autoimmune diabetes.

IL-18 ELISA Kits

Human IL-18 ELISA Kit (Product Code: 7620)

Mouse IL-18 ELISA Kit (Product Code: 7625)

Recombinant IL-18

Click here to view MBL’s range of IL-18 proteins.

IL-18 Antibodies

View MBL’s range of IL-18 antibodies here. 

Myeloid Nuclear Differentiation Antigen

This anti-MNDA reagent is suitable for flow cytometry to diagnose myelodysplastic syndromes ("preleukemia").

Flow Cytometric Assessment of Myeloid Nuclear Differentiation Antigen (MNDA) Expression in the diagnosis of Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Unique features - MNDA

• Unique product (Rat anti Human antibody
• Anti-MNDA for using in the flow cytometry
• Blood and bone marrow staining using flow cytometry (down-regulation of MNDA in cases of MDS)
• Unique  intracellular staining  procedure using  Intra-Cell™   (Trillium DiagnosticsLLC, USA), also distributed by IQ Products

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), formerly known as ‘preleukemia’, are a diverse collection of hematological (blood-related) medical conditions that involve ineffective production (or dysplasia) of the myeloid class of blood cells. Patients with MDS often develop severe anemia and require frequent blood transfusions. In most cases, the disease worsens and the patient develops low blood counts (cytopenias) due to progressive bone marrow failure. In about one third of patients with MDS the disease transforms into AML, usually within months to a few years. The MDS are all disorders of the stem cell in the bone marrow.

Definitive diagnosis and classification of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) are often difficult because of variable presence of diagnostic criteria. An objective criterion that reliably distinguishes MDS from normal marrow would greatly facilitate diagnosis, and might contribute to sub classification of MDS.

Gene expression profiling has identified marked down-regulation of MNDA message in cases of MDS (1). Previously there is shown down-regulation of MNDA protein expression in random MDS cases using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry (2).

Procedure

Blood or bone marrow staining method for anti-MNDA using Trillium Intra-Cell™ intracellular staining method. This method contains a fixation step with 10% formaldehyde, permeabilization step with Trillium Intra-Cell™ and a staining step with anti-MNDA FITC and a desired surface markers such as CD163 PE and CD45 PerCP.

MDNA - Pure - MNDA-3C1-U

MDNA - FITC - MNDA-3C1-F

Rat anti human MNDA (clone 3C1), available pure and FITC conjugated. Which was generated against aconcentrated nuclear protein extract prepared from late stage human myeloid leukaemia HL-60 cells.

Download the datasheet here.

NEW - Subtelomere FISH Probes, Chromosome FISH Probes, and Prenatal FISH Probes

Abnova recently expanded its FISH catalogue with three new FISH probe product lines for cytogenetic research.

• Subtelomere FISH Probes
• Chromosome FISH Probes
• Prenatal FISH Probes

Along with FISH probes for gene amplification, translocation, and split genes, Abnova now have a comprehensive collection of over 600 FISH probe products.
Customisation is also available if you need a FISH probe that isn't on the catalogue. Click here to inquire.

Subtelomere FISH Probes

The regions adjacent to telomeres are gene rich so rearrangements involving telomere adjacent DNA are more likely to have phenotypic consequences than rearrangements in many other parts of the genome. This is an area of the chromosome well worth investigating.
195 products to choose from

·         Five fluorescent dyes to choose from for each probe

·         Comes in 5X concentration formats, easy to multiplex and assay up to 5 probes in one experiment

Chromosome FISH Probes

These probes target sequence-specific regions adjacent to the centromere of each chromosome, allowing you to easily identify any human chromosome pair that you wish to study with minimum cross-reactivity with other chromosomes.
180 products to choose from

·         Five fluorescent dyes to choose from for each probe

·         Comes in 5X concentration formats, easy to multiplex

·         Can be used in combination with Subtelomere FISH Probes

Prenatal FISH Probes
Most defects in infants are caused by numerical aberrations of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y. Abnova's prenatal FISH probe collection targets these chromosomes and allows for rapid and accurate research of a wide range of chromosomal number aberrations.
See products here

MBL 20% off Skin Blistering Products

Pemphigus and Bullous pemphigoid (BP) are distinct autoimmune blistering diseases that are characterised by the presence of autoantibodies directed against specific adesion molecules of the skin and mucous membranes. Pemphigus is divided into two major subtypes: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and Pemphigus foliaceus (PF).

For Detection of Autoantibodies against Desmoglein 1 & 3:

* MESACUP Desmoglein Test Dsg-1
Product Code: RG-7680EC-D
Now only £152.00

* MESACUP Desmoglein Test Dsg-3
Product Code: RG-7685EC-D
Now only £152.00 

For Detection of Autoantibodies against BP180 & BP230:

* BP180 ELISA Kit
Product Code: RG-7695-EC-D
Now only £152.00

* BP230 ELISA Kit
Product Code: RG-7613EC-D
Now only £152.00

For the Detection of Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita (EBA):

* Anti-TypeVII Collagen ELISA Kit (CE marked)
Product Code: RG-7845E
Now only £244.00

Two New Kits from Arbor Assays

Corticosterone CLIA Kit

Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) are very similar to ELISA's however they are considered to be far superior to the ELISA's in terms of sensitivity and speed of the assay.

The main reason for that is the fact that ELISA's are based on colorimetric measurements or fluorescent reactions, while CLIAs employ the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) which is coupled to the specific antibodies reacting with the antigen of interest. The HRP in CLIA's produces a light of a specific wavelength, following the reaction with a specific substrate, the chemiluminescent signal. The detection limit is significantly lower than that for ELISA tests. This makes CLIAs useful for a number of research areas that have been inaccessible to this type of immunoassay, employing specific antibodies, due to concentrations of target proteins or chemicals lower than the detection limit for ELISAs.

Another advantage is that CLIAs require less time and do not demand the use of certain harmful reagents, such as stopping reagents. The intensity of the signal is proportional to the amount HRP enzyme bound via primary antibodies, which is proportional to the amount of target substance in the sample. The sensitivity and detection range far exceeds that of the average ELISA test.

The sensitivity of this corticosterone CLIA kit is 6.71pg/ml which is 4-5 fold lower than any other kits available.

All liquid reagents are stable at 4°C and the assay only takes 2 hours.

Product Code: K014-C1

Size: 1 x 96 well plate
Price: £192.00
Product Code: K014-C5
Size: 5 x 96 well plate 
Price: £769.00

NEW Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Fluorescent Detection Kit

This kit allows the detection of extremely low levels of H2O2 in biological samples. The sensitivity is 0.038uM - lower than other kits available.

The kit contains all reagents and plates to measure 88 samples in duplicate. All liquid reagents are stable at 4°C.

Product Code: K034-F1
Price: £200.00 

GPX3 – Promising Molecular Cancer Marker

Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3; GSHPX3) is a selenium-dependent extracellular enzyme, protecting cells and enzymes from oxidative damage by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxides. 

GPX3 is involved in inflammatory bowel disease, in asthma and in diabetes. The activity of GPX3 is significantly reduced in the plasma and tissue of cancer patients. Recently, GPX3 was suggested to serve as a molecular marker for the diagnosis of clear cell type ovarian adenocarcinoma.

GPX3 (human) ELISA Kit

Sensitivity: 100 pg/ml
Range: 0.5 to 32 ng/ml
Sample type: Serum, plasma, cell culture supernatant

Product Code: AG-45A-0020EK-KI01 (1 x 96 well plate)
Product Code: AG-45A-0020TP-KI01 (2 x 96 well plate)
Product Code: AG-45A-0020PP-KI01 (5 x 96 well plate)
Download the datasheet here.

Also Available:
GPX3 (mouse) ELISA Kit 
Product Code: AG-45A-0021